Destinations › Oceania · The Destination Index · universal template · every figure sourced

French Polynesia.

Oceania, five archipelagoes (Archipel des Tuamotu, Iles Gambier, Iles Marquises, Iles Tubuai, Society Islands) in the South Pacific Ocean about halfway between South America and Australia. 4,167 sq km and 282,465 people, 2,525 km of coastline, tropical, but moderate.
Region · Oceania Population · ~282,465 Languages · Tahitian and other Polynesian languages, French (official) Eco Index · 62/100 · Passable
300,000 visitors a year · 282,465 residents
Header photo · Adrien Daurenjou / Pexels

French Polynesia at a Glance.

The score, and the four numbers that set the tone. 12 equally-weighted pillars, every pillar sourced.
Compare with:
Eco IndexPassable
62/100
12 pillars, all sourced, scored below All 77 ranked →
Renewable power
35%
of electricity
Food imported
16%
of dietary energy · ~US$391m a year
The Eco Index across 12 pillars · scored 0 to 5 · World Bank, OWID, WHO/UNICEF JMP, FiBL, Protected Planet, IUCN, UNESCO (2023-24)
Conservation
Wildlife
Water
Food & farming
Organic & clean
Climate & energy
Waste
Health
Heritage
Ownership
Governance
Future

The History of French Polynesia.

French Polynesia holds one of the most vibrant living Polynesian heritages in the Pacific. Tahitian dance, the fast ʻōteʻa and the swaying hura, is practised across the islands and celebrated each July at the Heiva i Tahiti festival, alongside himene tārava choral singing whose layered harmonies are unique to the region.
Where the name comes from
'Polynesia' is Greek-derived, 'many islands', coined by Europeans. Its peoples' own names are for the archipelagos, among them Tahiti Nui and Te Ao Mā'ohi for the wider Mā'ohi world. Source: national and regional toponymic records.
The land itself: rugged high volcanic islands alongside low coral atolls and their reefs. Its high point is Mont Orohena, 2,241 m. Source: national mapping and survey records.
Where it starts
The hub of the Pacific
The ancestry of these islands runs back to the Lapita voyaging tradition that carried seafarers east from the Bismarck archipelago from around 1500 BC. High-precision radiocarbon dating places first settlement of the Society Islands between about AD 1025 and 1120, and from that hub one rapid pulse of voyaging between about 1190 and 1290 settled the rest of East Polynesia, including New Zealand, Hawaii and Rapa Nui. This was not drift. It was navigation by star paths, swell, cloud and bird flight, without instruments, across thousands of kilometres.
How it got here
Taputapuatea to 1996
The marae at Taputapuatea on Raiatea became a political and ceremonial centre for the wider Polynesian triangle. British and French ships arrived from 1767, followed by missionaries. France declared a protectorate in 1842 and later annexed the islands. Between 1966 and 1996 France conducted 193 nuclear tests at Moruroa and Fangataufa. French Polynesia was given the status of an overseas country of France in 2004.
The timeline
c. 1500 BC
The voyaging line begins.
The Lapita tradition carries pottery-making seafarers east from the Bismarck archipelago into the Pacific, the ancestry these islands come from.
c. AD 1025 to 1120
The Society Islands.
High-precision radiocarbon dating places first settlement of the Society Islands in this window, four centuries later than long assumed.
c. AD 1190 to 1290
The great dispersal.
From this hub, one rapid pulse of voyaging settles the remaining islands of East Polynesia, including New Zealand, Hawaii and Rapa Nui.
c. AD 1000 onward
Wayfinding.
Navigation by star paths, swell, cloud and bird flight is carried without instruments across thousands of kilometres of open ocean.
c. AD 1000 to 1600
Taputapuatea.
A marae on Raiatea becomes a political and ceremonial centre for the wider Polynesian triangle.
1767 to 1797
European arrival.
British and French ships arrive between 1767 and 1797, followed by missionaries. Introduced disease reduced the population catastrophically within decades, and France annexed the islands in the following century.
1842 to 1880
Protectorate and annexation.
France declares a protectorate and later annexes the islands.
1966 to 1996
Nuclear testing.
France conducted 193 nuclear tests at Moruroa and Fangataufa.
2004
Overseas country.
French Polynesia is given the status of an overseas country of France.

Nature and Biodiversity in French Polynesia.

French Polynesia manages essentially its entire ocean space as a designated marine managed area, which the World Bank records as 87.4% marine coverage in 2025, and it holds genuine reserves such as the Fakarava UNESCO Biosphere alongside traditional rāhui closures. Most of that area is sustainable-use rather than strict no-take, however, and only 5.6% of land is protected.
Is wild French Polynesia protected? 5.6% of the land is, against a 30% target for 2030
How protected is nature in French Polynesia?
Forest cover43.06%
Terrestrial protected area5.6%
Marine protected area87.4%
128 (mammals, birds, fish & plants) listed as threatened.
Species to know
Recorded in French Polynesia and named in the open record. Endemic status is stated per species, not implied by this list.
Tahiti monarch (Critically Endangered, Tahiti only)
Ta
Endemic Partula tree snails
En
Endemic fruit doves
En
The watchlist
ThreatenedTahiti Monarch (Pomarea nigra) Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and recorded in French Polynesia in GBIF occurrence data (bird).
ThreatenedHawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and recorded in French Polynesia in GBIF occurrence data (turtle).
ThreatenedSphyrna lewini Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and recorded in French Polynesia in GBIF occurrence data (shark or ray).
ThreatenedPartula taeniata Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and recorded in French Polynesia in GBIF occurrence data (species).
ThreatenedUltramarine Lory (Vini ultramarina) Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and recorded in French Polynesia in GBIF occurrence data (bird).
ThreatenedMarquesan Kingfisher (Todiramphus godeffroyi) Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and recorded in French Polynesia in GBIF occurrence data (bird).
ThreatenedRimatara Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus rimitarae) Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and recorded in French Polynesia in GBIF occurrence data (bird).
ThreatenedIphis Monarch (Pomarea iphis) Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and recorded in French Polynesia in GBIF occurrence data (bird).
What is still here, and what is gone?
Tap a species for the honest status.
Tahiti Monarch (Pomarea nigra)Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata)Sphyrna lewiniPartula taeniataUltramarine Lory (Vini ultramarina)Marquesan Kingfisher (Todiramphus godeffroyi)Rimatara Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus rimitarae)Iphis Monarch (Pomarea iphis)
Closest to being lost, by name
Tahiti Monarch (Pomarea nigra)
Critically Endangered, the last IUCN category before Extinct in the Wild, and still recorded in French Polynesia. GBIF holds 118 verified occurrence records.
Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata)
Critically Endangered, the last IUCN category before Extinct in the Wild, and still recorded in French Polynesia. GBIF holds 108 verified occurrence records.
Sphyrna lewini
Critically Endangered, the last IUCN category before Extinct in the Wild, and still recorded in French Polynesia. GBIF holds 10 verified occurrence records.
Partula taeniata
Critically Endangered, the last IUCN category before Extinct in the Wild, and still recorded in French Polynesia. GBIF holds 10 verified occurrence records.
Species named here are drawn from GBIF occurrence records for French Polynesia filtered to the IUCN Red List threatened categories. Species are listed where GBIF holds occurrence records for them in this country. Record counts are not published here because the figure cannot be reproduced from a public GBIF query.
Who is putting it back
The Brando
Listed and checked on Hold The Throne. Visiting it is the most direct way a visitor funds work on the ground in French Polynesia.

Water and Ocean in French Polynesia.

The volcanic high islands such as Tahiti have rivers and springs and mains supply, and the Joint Monitoring Programme models around 90% of the population on safely managed water in 2022. The low coral atolls of the Tuamotus have no rivers or lakes and depend entirely on rainwater catchment, leaving supply precarious.
90.4% of people here have safely managed drinking water at home (2024, WHO/UNICEF JMP). Most homes have a safe supply, but coverage is not universal, so check locally before drinking from the tap.
Cleanest water: Fakarava (UNESCO Biosphere Reserve) and the remote Tuamotu lagoons
What are the rules on French Polynesia beaches?
·Tap water: Varies.
Solo travel: rated easy on the record for this destination.
Marine protection: 87.4% of the sea is protected. The 30x30 pledge is met.
How is the sea around French Polynesia doing?
One cross-section, every answer measured.
Surface
What the coast carries
Two warm seasons, May–Oct is drier, Nov–Apr rainier with more cyclone risk.
Nearshore
Protected water
87.4% of territorial waters are protected, against the 30% pledged for 2030 under the Global Biodiversity Framework.
Cleanest
Where the water is cleanest
Fakarava (UNESCO Biosphere Reserve) and the remote Tuamotu lagoons.
The record
Measured
The volcanic high islands such as Tahiti have rivers and springs and mains supply, and the Joint Monitoring Programme models around 90% of the population on safely managed water in 2022. The low coral atolls of the Tuamotus have no rivers or lakes and depend entirely on rainwater catchment, leaving supply precarious.
Sea protected
87.4%
Against the 30% pledged for 2030 under the Global Biodiversity Framework.
Threatened species
128 (mammals, birds, fish & plants)
Mammals, birds, fish and higher plants on the IUCN list.
Cleanest water
here
Fakarava (UNESCO Biosphere Reserve) and the remote Tuamotu lagoons.
Is the tap water safe in French Polynesia?
90.4% of people have safely managed drinking water at home (2024, WHO/UNICEF JMP).
When is the best time to visit French Polynesia? Tap your month.
Tap your month.
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

Food and Drink in French Polynesia.

The islands import most of their food, with foodstuffs among the top import categories and most meat and dairy shipped in from New Zealand and France. Local production is largely subsistence taro, breadfruit, cassava and fish, supplemented by cash crops of vanilla, copra and noni.
Where does the food in French Polynesia come from?
15.9% imported
about US$391m a year
On the plate: Taro, breadfruit (uru), coconut, banana, fei plantain, cassava, sweet potato and tropical fruit
How often each food is on the plate
Share of people eating each one regularly. These overlap, so they do not add up to 100%.
Taro60%
Coconut42%
Banana33%
Fei plantain24%
Cassava15%
2 of 10
bites are imported
The island buys in more food energy than it eats. About US$391m a year leaves the country to pay for it. The green slice is roughly what still grows here.
About 15.9% of everything French Polynesia buys in from abroad is food, roughly 2 in every 10 imported items on the dock (2024, World Bank). Farming itself is 2.2% of the economy and 8.7% of the land is agricultural, of which 0.7% is arable. The green slice is roughly what still grows here.
What is killing people in French Polynesia? The imported diet.
Cause of death, and the diet behind it.
Diabetes22.8%
Adults living with overweight or obesity. 73.6%.
Can French Polynesia feed itself?
0.7%
Arable land
8.7%
Agricultural land
2,314
Farmers
6,178
Arable acres
2.2%
Agriculture, share of GDP
Harvest: Breadfruit and mango in the warm season (November to April); vanilla curing on Taha'a
Feeding itself
The islands import most of their food, with foodstuffs among the top import categories and most meat and dairy shipped in from New Zealand and France. Local production is largely subsistence taro, breadfruit, cassava and fish, supplemented by cash crops of vanilla, copra and noni.
Certification
No published organic-farmland figure exists for the territory. Agriculture is mostly smallholder and subsistence with low-input methods but little formal certification, so the score reflects documented low-input rather than certified-organic farming.
Water for crops
The volcanic high islands such as Tahiti have rivers and springs and mains supply, and the Joint Monitoring Programme models around 90% of the population on safely managed water in 2022. The low coral atolls of the Tuamotus have no rivers or lakes and depend entirely on rainwater catchment, leaving supply precarious.
Why the organic number looks like that. Certified-organic farmland is not separately reported for French Polynesia, and that is a certification gap rather than proof nothing is grown cleanly. What the official land record does show: 8.7% of the country is agricultural land and 0.7% is arable (2023, World Bank). Certification is paid for per farm per year by a foreign body, which prices out smallholders, so the organic number reads worse than the practice.
What actually grows here
CoconutsFruitsCassavaSugarcanePineapplesTropical fruitsWatermelonsTomatoes
The food that already fits
The plant-based kitchen here is not an import. By tonnage, the largest crops grown in French Polynesia are coconuts, coconut oil, cassava and sugarcane (FAO, FAOSTAT crop production, 2024). That is what the land itself puts on a plate.
Is this grown in French Polynesia?
Tap a food for the honest answer.
TaroCoconutBananaFei plantainCassavaSweet potatoTropical fruit
TaroCoconutBananaFei plantainCassavaSweet potatoTropical fruit

Climate and Energy in French Polynesia.

French Polynesia draws roughly two thirds of its electricity from imported fossil fuels, with renewables supplying about 30 per cent, led by hydropower on Tahiti (around 27 per cent) and a growing solar share (about 7 per cent). Per person emissions are moderate at 3.27 tonnes of CO2 in 2024, held down by a small industrial base rather than by clean power. The territory has set a target of 75 per cent renewable electricity by 2030 and is investing in sea water air conditioning and island solar, though outer islands remain almost entirely diesel powered. Progress is real but partial, and the grid is still fossil dominated.
What powers French Polynesia?
Renewable 34.7%Fossil 65.3%
Climate pollution per person
The safe amount, what the planet can absorb
2 tonnes
One person here
3.46 tonnes
The world average, for comparison
4.7 tonnes
The worst it ever got
3.66 tonnes
The grid
French Polynesia draws roughly two thirds of its electricity from imported fossil fuels, with renewables supplying about 30 per cent, led by hydropower on Tahiti (around 27 per cent) and a growing solar share (about 7 per cent). Per person emissions are moderate at 3.27 tonnes of CO2 in 2024, held down by a small industrial base rather than by clean power.
Pollution
Remote oceanic air is clean, though no published PM2.5 figure exists for the territory, and the Fenua Ma service runs six-stream waste sorting on Tahiti and Moorea. There is no confirmed single-use-plastic ban and the outer archipelagos have little waste infrastructure, so plastic and litter pressure on lagoons is a real concern.
Water stress
The volcanic high islands such as Tahiti have rivers and springs and mains supply, and the Joint Monitoring Programme models around 90% of the population on safely managed water in 2022. The low coral atolls of the Tuamotus have no rivers or lakes and depend entirely on rainwater catchment, leaving supply precarious.
What pollutes most here
1The grid The share of electricity still generated from fossil fuel.69.6%
2Industry Nuclear-testing legacy at Moruroa and Fangataufa (1966 to 1996); over-tourism pressure on lagoons.named
3On the record Remote oceanic air is clean, though no published PM2.5 figure exists for the territory, and the Fenua Ma service runs six-stream waste sorting on Tahiti and Moorea.
What has French Polynesia promised on climate?
Electricity renewable today23.7% (2021)
Land protected, against a 30% target5.6% by 2025
Sea protected, against a 30% target87.4% by 2025
Measured on delivery, 23.7% of electricity is already renewable (2021, World Bank), so 76.3% of the grid is still to be converted. The pledge on file is measured here against what has actually been delivered, not taken on its own (UNFCCC NDC Registry, CBD Kunming-Montreal Target 3).
The biggest line item
One return flight against a whole year of living.
A resident's entire year3.46 t CO2e
Safe-climate budget, per year2 t CO2e
Dubai return, economy3.12 t CO2e
Frankfurt return, economy2.87 t CO2e
Paris return, economy2.83 t CO2e
London return, economy2.77 t CO2e
Johannesburg return, economy2.73 t CO2e
How much CO2 does flying to French Polynesia emit?
Tap where you would fly from. One return flight, economy.
DubaiFrankfurtParisLondonJohannesburg

AI and Data Centres in French Polynesia.

Every prompt runs on a machine in a building on somebody’s grid. What that costs the planet depends less on the prompt than on what is burning to power it. Here is what would power one in French Polynesia.
Grid renewable
34.7 %
What a machine here runs on.
What powers a data centre in French Polynesia?
Most of the power behind a machine here is still burned.
Renewable 34.7%Fossil 65.3%
Where the cables land. 23 landing points · Arutua, Fakarava, Faratea, Hao

Economy and Tourism in French Polynesia.

48% residents to 52% visitors across a year. 300,000 international arrivals in 2019 against 282,465 people who live here (2025, World Bank / UN Tourism).
Where a visitor dollar goes in French Polynesia
89k
Visitors a year
0.3
Visitors per resident
$Where does a tourist dollar actually go in French Polynesia?
Play one tourist dollar around the board. Every square is a measured fact from this page.
START!
1
GO: a visitor lands
$100 goes on the table. 300,000 international arrivals in 2019 against 282,465 residents, 1.1 visitors for every resident (World Bank / UN Tourism).
$100 in play
2
The bed
Who owns the largest places to stay in French Polynesia is not published in the records we can check, so this square is left open rather than guessed. Where a listing names its owner, it is shown in the ownership table below.
not published
3
The plate
Food is 15.9% of everything French Polynesia imports (2024, World Bank), so a large part of every restaurant bill is paid to a supplier abroad. Eating what the land here actually grows, coconuts, fruits, cassava, sugarcane, pineapples, tropical fruits, watermelons, tomatoes, keeps that money with the grower.
sails in
4
The power
76.3% of the electricity is fossil (2021, World Bank). Lighting, cooling and hot water are paid for largely in imported fuel.
burns away
5
What actually stays
Of the two parts of a visitor's bill that can be measured here, the plate and the power mostly leave French Polynesia. Choosing locally grown food is the part of that a visitor can actually control.
less than you think
6
No plan B
66.4% of everything French Polynesia sells abroad is pearls, gemstones and precious metals (2023, UN Comtrade). One market moving takes the whole board with it.
66.4% one export
7
Community chest
Tourism earns 65.1% of everything French Polynesia makes from exports (2016, World Bank / UN Tourism). That is how much of the economy depends on the game continuing.
65.1% of exports
8
The flight
Getting here is usually the biggest single line on the bill. From Dubai a return economy seat is 3.12 t CO2, on the UK Government's published conversion factors. It is the one part of the trip this board cannot reduce.
3.12 t CO2
GDPUS$6.3bn
Agriculture, share of GDP2.2%
Visitors a year89,400
Visitors per resident0.3
Residents~282,465
Agriculture
Farming is 2.2% of the economy. The islands import most of their food, with foodstuffs among the top import categories and most meat and dairy shipped in from New Zealand and France.
Natural materials
Living natural-materials crafts include tapa bark cloth surviving in the Marquesas, pandanus weaving, tifaifai appliqué quilts made by groups of women, the pareo, and monoi oil, which has held a French Appellation d'Origine since 1992. These crafts remain part of ceremony and daily life.
Energy
French Polynesia draws roughly two thirds of its electricity from imported fossil fuels, with renewables supplying about 30 per cent, led by hydropower on Tahiti (around 27 per cent) and a growing solar share (about 7 per cent). Per person emissions are moderate at 3.27 tonnes of CO2 in 2024, held down by a small industrial base rather than by clean power.
Who owns the biggest hotels in French Polynesia?
By rooms · company records and press.
The Brando · ~35 roomsIndependentnot published
Visitors, over time
2015239k
2016241k
2017254k
2018264k
2019300k
202089k
International tourism receipts run at about US$0.78 billion in 2016 (World Bank / UN Tourism). That is 65.1% of everything the country earns from exports.
How much of your money actually stays here?
Tap the holiday you are planning.
All-inclusive resortForeign-owned hotel and tourist restaurantsLocally owned stay and local restaurantsGuesthouse, markets and public transport

Visiting French Polynesia, whoever you are.

Resort guest, villa renter, family, nomad or backpacker. The honest playbook for each, from the same sourced numbers.
Already booked a resort? · the rescue list
Five swaps that move your money back on-island
1. Eat where the country eats Choose kitchens cooking taro, breadfruit (uru), coconut, banana, fei plantain, cassava, sweet potato and tropical fruit over imported menus. The checked list →
2. Book with a local operator Never the lobby desk. The margin on a tour is the part that stays. Eco tours →
3. Stay somewhere locally owned Ownership decides where the room rate books. Eco stays →
4. Use the transport residents use Air Tahiti inter-island flights (around 48 destinations); ferries link Tahiti and Moorea
5. Buy the craft, not the souvenir Natural-materials work made here pays the maker directly; imported gifts pay a shipping line.
swipe →
First time here
A Pacific collectivity that manages its entire ocean as a marine area, with staggering endemism, living Mā'ohi crafts and family-run pensions.
Best time: Dry season May to October, which also overlaps the Rurutu whale season (July to October)
Getting around
Air Tahiti inter-island flights (around 48 destinations); ferries link Tahiti and Moorea
Transport is where the fare either stays or leaves.
Eating here
The everyday plate is taro, breadfruit (uru), coconut, banana, fei plantain, cassava, sweet potato and tropical fruit. Traditional Mā'ohi food rests on abundant plant staples including taro, breadfruit (uru), coconut, banana and fei plantain, alongside cassava and tropical fruit.
Eating what the country grows is the cheapest way to cut the import bill.
Good to know
Resorts are expensive and card-friendly; XPF. A few French words go far; lagoon rules are strict.
Rate my hotel. Tap yours for the honest verdict.
Ownership from company records and press.
The Brando
Who owns the place to stay
The BrandoIndependent · 35 rooms
The one property listed here does not publish who ultimately owns it, so no claim is made either way. Ownership is what decides how much of a room rate stays in the country, which is why we show it when a listing states it.

Society and Governance in French Polynesia.

How well is French Polynesia actually run?
Governance, measured · World Bank WGI
Four measured answers, none of them opinion. Averaged across corruption control, delivery and accountability, French Polynesia scores 58 out of 100 (2024, World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators). That matters here because every pledge on this page is only as good as the machinery meant to deliver it.
How well is French Polynesia run? · each scored out of 100, higher is better
Clean government, scored 44 of 100
Control of corruption scores 43.6 out of 100 (2024, World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators). That is below the halfway mark of governments measured.
44
Freedom and rights, scored 72 of 100
Voice and accountability, which measures free expression, free media and the ability to choose a government, scores 72.2 out of 100 (2024, World Bank WGI). Citizens here can question their government openly.
72
LGBTQ+ status: HighSolo female travel: EasyIndustry to avoid: Nuclear-testing legacy at Moruroa and Fangataufa (1966 to 1996); over-tourism pressure on lagoons
What is daily life in French Polynesia really like? Measured
Getting around, breathing, throwing away, learning. The honest checklist.
TransportAirWaterPower
How you get around Air Tahiti inter-island flights (around 48 destinations); ferries link Tahiti and Moorea

Made in French Polynesia.

Living natural-materials crafts include tapa bark cloth surviving in the Marquesas, pandanus weaving, tifaifai appliqué quilts made by groups of women, the pareo, and monoi oil, which has held a French Appellation d'Origine since 1992. These crafts remain part of ceremony and daily life. Every step of processing done at home is value that stops leaving the country.
What French Polynesia actually sells the world
The single biggest thing French Polynesia sells the world is pearls, gemstones and precious metals, 66.4% of all exports in 2023 (about US$0.16 billion, UN Comtrade). The next four are other at 20.7%, fish and seafood at 7.8%, coffee, tea and spices at 2.1%, essential oils, perfumery and cosmetics at 0.8%.
Made now · natural materials
Living natural-materials crafts include tapa bark cloth surviving in the Marquesas
Worked in French Polynesia from local material, and still a working craft rather than a museum piece.
Made now · natural materials
Pandanus weaving
Worked in French Polynesia from local material, and still a working craft rather than a museum piece.
Made now · natural materials
Tifaifai appliqué quilts made by groups of women
Worked in French Polynesia from local material, and still a working craft rather than a museum piece.
Made now · natural materials
Pareo
Worked in French Polynesia from local material, and still a working craft rather than a museum piece.
Made now · natural materials
Monoi oil
Worked in French Polynesia from local material, and still a working craft rather than a museum piece.
Made now · natural materials
Daily life
Worked in French Polynesia from local material, and still a working craft rather than a museum piece.
Buys in · 5.5% of imports
Electrical machinery and electronics
French Polynesia imported US$0.13 billion of electrical machinery and electronics in 2023, 5.5% of everything it bought abroad, and sells none of it back. Every point of that is a business that could be built at home rather than shipped in. UN Comtrade.
Buys in · 5.4% of imports
Machinery and mechanical appliances
French Polynesia imported US$0.12 billion of machinery and mechanical appliances in 2023, 5.4% of everything it bought abroad, and sells none of it back. Every point of that is a business that could be built at home rather than shipped in. UN Comtrade.
Buys in · 4.4% of imports
Vehicles
French Polynesia imported US$0.10 billion of vehicles in 2023, 4.4% of everything it bought abroad, and sells none of it back. Every point of that is a business that could be built at home rather than shipped in. UN Comtrade.
Buys in · 4.1% of imports
Pharmaceuticals
French Polynesia imported US$0.09 billion of pharmaceuticals in 2023, 4.1% of everything it bought abroad, and sells none of it back. Every point of that is a business that could be built at home rather than shipped in. UN Comtrade.
The maths for an entrepreneur. French Polynesia produces about US$6 billion a year, which is roughly US$22,388 per person (2024, World Bank). Farming is 2.2% of that, while food is 15.9% of everything the country imports. The country buys in more food than its own farms contribute to the economy, and every point of that gap is a business someone could build here rather than ship in.
See the verified makers →

Culture in French Polynesia.

ʻŌteʻa
A living tradition of French Polynesia, still practised rather than archived.
Hura Tahitian dance
A living tradition of French Polynesia, still practised rather than archived.
Himene tārava choral singing
A living tradition of French Polynesia, still practised rather than archived.
Heiva i Tahiti festival
A living tradition of French Polynesia, still practised rather than archived.
Tatau tattoo revivalA living tradition of French Polynesia, still practised rather than archived.
Va'a outrigger canoe voyagingA living tradition of French Polynesia, still practised rather than archived.
Does French Polynesia protect its heritage by law?
Partly, and the gaps say as much as the protections.
What is kept alive. French Polynesia holds one of the most vibrant living Polynesian heritages in the Pacific. Tahitian dance, the fast ʻōteʻa and the swaying hura, is practised across the islands and celebrated each July at the Heiva i Tahiti festival, alongside himene tārava choral singing whose layered harmonies are unique to the region. Ancestral Mā'ohi traditions endure through the revival of tatau (tattoo), va'a outrigger canoe voyaging, oral genealogy and reverence for marae, the sacred stone temple sites.
Who it belongs to. Mā'ohi culture is genuinely living, including the respected māhū third-gender tradition, and family-run pensions de famille offer a community-scale alternative to the resorts, with pearl and craft sales channelling income to households. The large over-water-bungalow resort sector nonetheless concentrates much of the tourism revenue.
Only here. Tahitian black pearl (Pinctada margaritifera), cultivated only in the Tuamotu and Gambier lagoons.
UNESCO ↗ · Eco Index sources on this page

The Future of French Polynesia.

Three futures for French Polynesia, every one run forward from measured data.
Every measured trend on one line
Run forward at the pace already recorded.
+8%
Forest cover
1995: 40 % → 2023: 43.1 %
1995202343.1%
-14%
Renewable electricity
2000: 27.7 % → 2021: 23.7 %
2000202123.7%
+9%
CO2 per person
1995: 3.18 t → 2024: 3.46 t
199520243.5 t
-52%
Tourist arrivals
1995: 186 k → 2020: 89 k
1995202089k
+409%
Protected land
2013: 1.1 % → 2025: 5.6 %
201320255.6%
-23%
Farm workforce
1995: 2.48 % → 2025: 1.92 %
199520251.9%
-8%
Agricultural land
1995: 9.45 % → 2023: 8.66 %
199520238.7%
+9%
Urban population
1995: 56.5 % → 2025: 61.8 %
1995202561.8%
+6%
Adult overweight
1995: 69.3 % → 2022: 73.6 %
1995202273.6%
+0%
Electricity access
1995: 100 % → 2024: 100 %
19952024100%
+19%
GDP per person
1995: 18850 → 2024: 22440
1995202422,440
+27%
Population
1995: 222 k → 2025: 282 k
19952025282k
-16%
Renewable energy use
1995: 8.3 % → 2022: 7 %
199520227%
+10%
Life expectancy
1995: 76.2 yrs → 2024: 84.2 yrs
1995202484.2 yrs
-67%
Fertiliser use
1995: 400 ha → 2023: 130.4 ha
19952023130.4 kg/ha
-12%
Rural population
1995: 43.5 % → 2025: 38.2 %
1995202538.2%
+2%
Forest area
1995: 1465 km2 → 2023: 1495 km2
199520231,495 km2
World Bank open data, recorded series
How much forest is left?
1995202343.1%
Forest cover moved from 40.0% to 43.1% across 28 recorded years.
World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS
How clean is the grid?
2000202123.7%
Renewable electricity moved from 27.7% to 23.7% across 21 recorded years.
World Bank EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS
How much climate pollution per person?
199520243.5 t
CO2 per person moved from 3.2 t to 3.5 t across 29 recorded years.
World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5
How many people visit?
1995202089k
Tourist arrivals moved from 186k to 89k across 25 recorded years.
World Bank ST.INT.ARVL
How much land is protected?
201320255.6%
Protected land moved from 1.1% to 5.6% across 12 recorded years.
World Bank ER.LND.PTLD.ZS
How many people still farm?
199520251.9%
Farm workforce moved from 2.5% to 1.9% across 30 recorded years.
World Bank SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS
How much land is farmed?
199520238.7%
Agricultural land moved from 9.4% to 8.7% across 28 recorded years.
World Bank AG.LND.AGRI.ZS
How fast is it urbanising?
1995202561.8%
Urban population moved from 56.5% to 61.8% across 30 recorded years.
World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS
Is diet-related disease rising?
1995202273.6%
Adult overweight moved from 69.3% to 73.6% across 27 recorded years.
World Bank SH.STA.OWAD.ZS
Who has power?
19952024100%
Electricity access moved from 100.0% to 100.0% across 29 recorded years.
World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS
Is income rising?
1995202422,440
GDP per person moved from 18850 to 22440 across 29 recorded years.
World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD
How fast is it growing?
19952025282k
Population moved from 222k to 282k across 30 recorded years.
World Bank SP.POP.TOTL
What share of all energy is renewable?
199520227%
Renewable energy use moved from 8.3% to 7% across 27 recorded years.
World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS
How long do people live?
1995202484.2 yrs
Life expectancy moved from 76.24 yrs to 84.19 yrs across 29 recorded years.
World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN
How much fertiliser goes on the land?
19952023130.4 kg/ha
Fertiliser use moved from 400 kg/ha to 130.4 kg/ha across 28 recorded years.
World Bank AG.CON.FERT.ZS
How many people still live rurally?
1995202538.2%
Rural population moved from 43.46% to 38.24% across 30 recorded years.
World Bank SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS
How much forest is there in total?
199520231,495 km2
Forest area moved from 1465 km2 to 1495 km2 across 28 recorded years.
World Bank AG.LND.FRST.K2
Worst caseCurrent pathBest case
Worst case
Every measured decline continues at the pace already recorded. The weakest pillar, food and farming at 2/5, is the one that gives way first.
Computed from: recorded series extended with no policy change
What the best case actually asks for
Lift food and farming
It scores 2 out of 5 today, among the weakest parts of French Polynesia's record. The islands import most of their food, with foodstuffs among the top import categories and most meat and dairy shipped in from New Zealand and France. Local production is largely subsistence taro, breadfruit, cassava and fish, supplemented by cash crops of vanilla, copra and noni. Lifting it toward the 5/5 the strongest pillars already reach is what the best case turns on.
measured each year
Costs: spending and enforcement, not new technology
Lift organic farming
It scores 2 out of 5 today, among the weakest parts of French Polynesia's record. No published organic-farmland figure exists for the territory. Agriculture is mostly smallholder and subsistence with low-input methods but little formal certification, so the score reflects documented low-input rather than certified-organic farming. Lifting it toward the 5/5 the strongest pillars already reach is what the best case turns on.
measured each year
Costs: spending and enforcement, not new technology
Lift recycling
It scores 2 out of 5 today, among the weakest parts of French Polynesia's record. No municipal recycling rate is published for the territory. Fenua Ma provides six-stream sorting on Tahiti and Moorea, crushing glass locally and exporting plastic and e-waste, but coverage is thin across the outer archipelagos. Lifting it toward the 5/5 the strongest pillars already reach is what the best case turns on.
measured each year
Costs: spending and enforcement, not new technology

Government and Goals in French Polynesia.

Who is in charge of French Polynesia now · office-holders and institutions as published by the state itself; scores from the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators 2024
Moetai Brotherson
President of French Polynesia
Moetai Brotherson is the head of government of French Polynesia, in office since 12 May 2023. Every climate, protection and energy pledge on this page is delivered, or not, under this administration.
Public opinion, measured
Voice and accountability, the freedom to question government: 72.2 / 100. Above the halfway mark of governments measured. World Bank WGI 2024
Control of corruption: 43.6 / 100. Below the halfway mark of governments measured. World Bank WGI 2024
Political stability and absence of violence: 83.5 / 100. Among the strongest measured. World Bank WGI 2024
Rule of law: 74.5 / 100. Above the halfway mark of governments measured. World Bank WGI 2024
Moetai BrothersonPresident of French Polynesia
Assembly of French Polynesia (Assemblée de la PolynésieLegislature, unicameral
Constitutioncurrent text dates from 1958
Government typeparliamentary democracy (Assembly of French Polynesia); an overseas co
French Polynesia national goals: what has been pledged, and how far it has got · each pledge measured against this country's own recorded delivery
2030
30% of land protected
✕ far behind
Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted by more than 190 parties in December 2022. French Polynesia currently protects 5.6% of its land, which is 19% of the way to the pledge.
2030
30% of sea protected
✓ delivered
The marine half of the same 30x30 pledge. French Polynesia currently protects 87.4% of its territorial waters, which is 291% of the way there.
2030
Paris Agreement pledge
on record
French Polynesia has a Nationally Determined Contribution lodged with the UNFCCC. The registry holds the current text, its target year and the sectors it covers.
Plastic policy
Grid, as it stands
30.4% renewable
Recorded renewable share of electricity output, the number every energy pledge is measured against.

Plain Answers About French Polynesia.

The questions people actually type, answered in full sentences from the sourced data above.
swipe →
Is French Polynesia sustainable?
French Polynesia scores 62 out of 100 on the Throne Eco Index, across twelve equally weighted pillars. A Pacific collectivity that manages its entire ocean as a marine area, with staggering endemism, living Mā'ohi crafts and family-run pensions.
Is the water in French Polynesia safe and plentiful?
The volcanic high islands such as Tahiti have rivers and springs and mains supply, and the Joint Monitoring Programme models around 90% of the population on safely managed water in 2022. The low coral atolls of the Tuamotus have no rivers or lakes and depend entirely on rainwater catchment, leaving supply precarious.
Can French Polynesia feed itself?
The islands import most of their food, with foodstuffs among the top import categories and most meat and dairy shipped in from New Zealand and France. Local production is largely subsistence taro, breadfruit, cassava and fish, supplemented by cash crops of vanilla, copra and noni.
Is it easy to eat plant-based in French Polynesia?
Traditional Mā'ohi food rests on abundant plant staples including taro, breadfruit (uru), coconut, banana and fei plantain, alongside cassava and tropical fruit. The everyday diet is fish-forward and increasingly shaped by imported processed food, so plant-based eating is available and traditional rather than dominant.
How much of French Polynesia is actually protected?
French Polynesia manages essentially its entire ocean space as a designated marine managed area, which the World Bank records as 87.4% marine coverage in 2025, and it holds genuine reserves such as the Fakarava UNESCO Biosphere alongside traditional rāhui closures. Most of that area is sustainable-use rather than strict no-take, however, and only 5.6% of land is protected.
What wildlife is left in French Polynesia?
Endemism is extraordinary: the Tahiti monarch is Critically Endangered with roughly 25 to 100 birds left, and the endemic Partula tree snails suffered one of the world's starkest extinction episodes and are now the subject of active reintroductions. Marine life is iconic too, from humpback whales breeding inshore at Rurutu to Fakarava's famous aggregation of around 700 grey reef sharks.
Is French Polynesia on clean energy?
French Polynesia draws roughly two thirds of its electricity from imported fossil fuels, with renewables supplying about 30 per cent, led by hydropower on Tahiti (around 27 per cent) and a growing solar share (about 7 per cent). Per person emissions are moderate at 3.27 tonnes of CO2 in 2024, held down by a small industrial base rather than by clean power. The territory has set a target of 75 per cent renewable electricity by 2030 and is investing in sea water air conditioning and island solar, though outer islands remain almost entirely diesel powered.
How polluted is French Polynesia?
Remote oceanic air is clean, though no published PM2.5 figure exists for the territory, and the Fenua Ma service runs six-stream waste sorting on Tahiti and Moorea. There is no confirmed single-use-plastic ban and the outer archipelagos have little waste infrastructure, so plastic and litter pressure on lagoons is a real concern.
Does recycling work in French Polynesia?
No municipal recycling rate is published for the territory. Fenua Ma provides six-stream sorting on Tahiti and Moorea, crushing glass locally and exporting plastic and e-waste, but coverage is thin across the outer archipelagos.
Is the farming in French Polynesia organic?
No published organic-farmland figure exists for the territory. Agriculture is mostly smallholder and subsistence with low-input methods but little formal certification, so the score reflects documented low-input rather than certified-organic farming.
Are there natural materials and craft in French Polynesia?
Living natural-materials crafts include tapa bark cloth surviving in the Marquesas, pandanus weaving, tifaifai appliqué quilts made by groups of women, the pareo, and monoi oil, which has held a French Appellation d'Origine since 1992. These crafts remain part of ceremony and daily life.
Is there living culture in French Polynesia?
Mā'ohi culture is genuinely living, including the respected māhū third-gender tradition, and family-run pensions de famille offer a community-scale alternative to the resorts, with pearl and craft sales channelling income to households. The large over-water-bungalow resort sector nonetheless concentrates much of the tourism revenue.
What heritage does French Polynesia keep alive?
French Polynesia holds one of the most vibrant living Polynesian heritages in the Pacific. Tahitian dance, the fast ʻōteʻa and the swaying hura, is practised across the islands and celebrated each July at the Heiva i Tahiti festival, alongside himene tārava choral singing whose layered harmonies are unique to the region. Ancestral Mā'ohi traditions endure through the revival of tatau (tattoo), va'a outrigger canoe voyaging, oral genealogy and reverence for marae, the sacred stone temple sites.
So is French Polynesia actually green? The measured answer
What is working: sea protected at 87.4%.
What is not: land protected at 5.6% against a 30% mark, renewable electricity at 23.7% against a 100% mark.

How French Polynesia Ranks, region and world.

Where French Polynesia sits on the Eco Index, against its Oceania neighbours and the 77 destinations scored worldwide.
How does French Polynesia compare in Oceania?
2Fiji72
Scored Oceania destinations, Eco Index.
French Polynesia sits 60 of 77 at 62/100. Every name links to its own destination page, built exactly like this one. The full ranking →
What is French Polynesia particularly good at?
Heritage, scored 5/5. French Polynesia holds one of the most vibrant living Polynesian heritages in the Pacific. Tahitian dance, the fast ʻōteʻa and the swaying hura, is practised across the islands and celebrated each July at the Heiva i Tahiti festival, alongside himene tārava choral singing whose layered harmonies are unique to the region. Ancestral Mā'ohi traditions endure through the revival of tatau (tattoo), va'a outrigger canoe voyaging, oral genealogy and reverence for marae, the sacred stone temple sites. Craft knowledge of tapa bark cloth and pandanus weaving is passed down within families. This is deep, widely practised living heritage.
Conservation, scored 4/5. French Polynesia manages essentially its entire ocean space as a designated marine managed area, which the World Bank records as 87.4% marine coverage in 2025, and it holds genuine reserves such as the Fakarava UNESCO Biosphere alongside traditional rāhui closures. Most of that area is sustainable-use rather than strict no-take, however, and only 5.6% of land is protected.
Culture, scored 4/5. Mā'ohi culture is genuinely living, including the respected māhū third-gender tradition, and family-run pensions de famille offer a community-scale alternative to the resorts, with pearl and craft sales channelling income to households. The large over-water-bungalow resort sector nonetheless concentrates much of the tourism revenue.
Where does French Polynesia score worst?
Food and farming, scored 2/5. The islands import most of their food, with foodstuffs among the top import categories and most meat and dairy shipped in from New Zealand and France. Local production is largely subsistence taro, breadfruit, cassava and fish, supplemented by cash crops of vanilla, copra and noni.
Organic farming, scored 2/5. No published organic-farmland figure exists for the territory. Agriculture is mostly smallholder and subsistence with low-input methods but little formal certification, so the score reflects documented low-input rather than certified-organic farming.
Recycling, scored 2/5. No municipal recycling rate is published for the territory. Fenua Ma provides six-stream sorting on Tahiti and Moorea, crushing glass locally and exporting plastic and e-waste, but coverage is thin across the outer archipelagos.
Similar countries doing it better and worse
New ZealandScored on the same twelve pillars as French Polynesia.80
FijiScored on the same twelve pillars as French Polynesia.72
AustraliaScored on the same twelve pillars as French Polynesia.70
Papua New GuineaScored on the same twelve pillars as French Polynesia.68
A note from the lens of mother natureswipe →
Energy, 3/5
French Polynesia draws roughly two thirds of its electricity from imported fossil fuels, with renewables supplying about 30 per cent, led by hydropower on Tahiti (around 27 per cent) and a growing solar share (about 7 per cent). Per person emissions are moderate at 3.27 tonnes of CO2 in 2024, held down by a small industrial base rather than by clean power.
Consequence: It is the lowest-scoring part of French Polynesia's record, so it is where the score moves first.
Food and farming, 2/5
The islands import most of their food, with foodstuffs among the top import categories and most meat and dairy shipped in from New Zealand and France. Local production is largely subsistence taro, breadfruit, cassava and fish, supplemented by cash crops of vanilla, copra and noni.
Consequence: It is the lowest-scoring part of French Polynesia's record, so it is where the score moves first.
Heritage, 5/5
French Polynesia holds one of the most vibrant living Polynesian heritages in the Pacific. Tahitian dance, the fast ʻōteʻa and the swaying hura, is practised across the islands and celebrated each July at the Heiva i Tahiti festival, alongside himene tārava choral singing whose layered harmonies are unique to the region.
Consequence: It is the lowest-scoring part of French Polynesia's record, so it is where the score moves first.

The French Polynesia Directory.

Everything on Hold The Throne that sits in French Polynesia, checked and listed.
1 listings in French Polynesia ›
How the rest of the world scores French Polynesia
Independent global indices, for calibration.
Forest cover
43.06
Recorded figure, sourced on this page.
Protected land
5.6
Recorded figure, sourced on this page.
Protected sea
87.4
Recorded figure, sourced on this page.
Renewable grid
30.4
Recorded figure, sourced on this page.
CO2 per person
3.27
Recorded figure, sourced on this page.
Threatened species
128 (mammals, birds, fish & plants)
Recorded figure, sourced on this page.
Control of corruption
43.6 / 100
World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2024. Percentile among all governments measured.
Rule of law
74.5 / 100
World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2024. Percentile among all governments measured.
Political stability
83.5 / 100
World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2024. Percentile among all governments measured.
Voice and accountability
72.2 / 100
World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2024. Percentile among all governments measured.

How French Polynesia Is Scored. The Throne Standard.

Every destination on the index is scored the same way, so a 4 in Barbados means exactly what a 4 means in Iceland. No self-declared data and no brochure claims are accepted. Every figure on this page carries its named source and year, and the history on each page names what empire took as plainly as it scores the present.
The 12 pillars every destination is scored on, equally weighted
01
Conservation
Land and sea actually protected, not pledged
02
Wildlife
What survives, what is endemic, what is lost
03
Water
Fresh water per person, and the ocean’s health
04
Food & farming
Whether the place can feed itself
05
Organic & clean
Certified land and pesticide reality
06
Climate & energy
Emissions per person, how the grid is powered
07
Waste
Where the rubbish goes, what comes back
08
Health
What people eat and die of
09
Heritage
Living culture, and what the law keeps standing
10
Ownership
Who owns the economy, how much of a dollar stays
11
Governance
Freedom, honesty, promises kept
12
Future
Measured trends run forward, pledges against pace
What each 0 to 5 pillar score means, in plain words
0
Absent
nothing verifiable exists
1
Failing
measurably going the wrong way
2
Weak
claims outrun delivery
3
Fair
real effort, mixed results
4
Strong
genuinely good, evidence named
5
Leading
world class, and the trend holds
Where the numbers come from.
World Bank Group logo
International Monetary Fund logo
FAO logo
UNESCO logo
World Health Organization logo
IUCN logo
Our World in Data logo
Global Forest Watch logo
Ember
ND-GAIN
UN Tourism logo
Ocean Health Index
WRI Aqueduct
Global Footprint Network
IHME
One index, every destination. This same sectioned page renders for all 77 scored destinations, each with its own researched history, comparison charts and three-way future. Read the full methodology

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